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Table 4 Instances* of regulated and unregulated CDM

From: An assessment of compliance with proposed regulations to restrict on-package marketing of packaged foods to improve nutrition in South Africa

Type of Product

WL product

Non-WL Product

All Products

P-value**

Indicator

Number of products carrying CDM strategies (n = 3122)

% of instances of regulated CDM (n = 4424) and unregulated (n = 453) CDM strategies*

Number of products carrying CDM strategy (n = 859)

% of instances of regulated (n = 1226) and unregulated (n = 142) CDM strategies*

Total Products with CDM strategies (n = 3981)

% of Instances of CDM Strategies*

Instances of Regulated CDM

 Celebrities and Sports Stars

7

0.16

3

0.24

10

0.17

0.427

 Cartoons and Animated Characters

2763

62.43

765

61.99

3528

58.91

 < 0.001

 Children and Adults in Mixed Groups

712

16.09

84

6.8

796

13.29

 < 0.001

 Competitions, Gifts, Tokens and Collectable Items

102

2.3

22

1.78

124

2.07

0.778

 Family and Family Situations

52

1.17

32

2.38

84

1.40

 < 0.001

 Encouraging Consumption of the Product (Excessive or Otherwise)

244

5.51

85

6.89

329

5.49

0.005

 Meal Replacements

36

0.81

17

1.38

53

0.88

0.025

 References benefits of consumption

136

3.07

78

6.36

214

3.74

 < 0.001

 New or Limited Edition Products

372

8.4

140

11.35

512

8.55

 < 0.001

 Total products with regulated CDM

3122

100

859

100

3981

100

 < 0.001

Instances of Unregulated CDM

 Promotion of sports and other events

114

25.17

19

13.38

133

22.35

0.105

 Depictions of children without adults

111

24.5

29

20.42

140

23.53

0.794

 Bundling of products

129

28.48

22

15.49

151

25.38

0.100

 References to school and education

48

10.6

10

7.04

58

9.75

0.618

 Product encourages an active lifestyle (as an example of health-washing)

51

11.26

62

43.66

113

18.99

 < 0.001

 Total products with Unregulated CDM

412

100

119

100

531

100

0.122

Total PRODUCTS with CDM

3207

-

871

-

4078

 

 < 0.001

Total Instancesaof CDM

4879

-

1376

-

6584

-

-

  1. *There are some products which had no CDM strategies or had more than one instance of CDM strategies (being multiple types of CDM strategies on the package). The percentages are calculated as a total of the occurrences or instances of CDM, not as a proportion of the number of products which have CDM
  2. **Pearson’s chi-squared test used to determine level of significance. In cases where one or more cell values was lower than 5, Fishers exact test was used. Level of significance considered at p 
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BMC Nutrition

ISSN: 2055-0928

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